PFAS and breast cancer.
What is the link?
Is there a link between PFAS (forever chemicals) and breast cancer?
Overall, the evidence suggests that exposure to certain PFAS may increase breast cancer risk.
A large study that has looked at all the available evidence on PFAS to date has found that exposure to some PFAS (PFOA and PFHxS) may increase breast cancer risk, whilst the chemical PFNA may reduce risk. Another forever chemical, PFOS, currently has no link with breast cancer.
It is important to note that most PFAS have never been tested, and their effects on human health are unknown.
Tips to reduce your exposure to PFAS.
Use safer cookware.
Use cast-iron or stainless-steel pans. Avoid non-stick cookware.
Ditch single use.
Avoid takeaway boxes and single-use cups. Use reusable containers.
Check your cosmetics labels.
Avoid waterproof cosmetics. Look for PFAS-free dental floss.
Key facts about PFAS.
- PFAS (forever chemicals) are a group of over 9,000 different chemicals. They break down very slowly and can accumulate in the environment and the human body.
- Some PFAS are Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) that increase oestrogen levels or mimic its action.
- PFAS have been found in human blood, breast milk, liver and placenta. Once in our bodies, most PFAS do not break down and may accumulate for a long time, from a few days to years.
- PFAS have been linked to several health issues, including thyroid disease, reduced ability to fight infections, elevated cholesterol, fertility problems and cancer.
Where are PFAS used?
PFAS can be used in food packaging to make them resistant to water, oil and fat. They are also used in waterproof clothing, raincoats, and in stain-resistant furniture. PFAS can be found in some cosmetics and beauty products, such as waterproof mascara and dental floss.
Additionally, non-stick cookware can be coated with PFAS. These chemicals can also be used in electronic equipment and some fire-fighting foams.
How are we exposed to PFAS?
We are exposed to PFAS mainly through contaminated food and water. High levels of PFAS have been measured in meat, fish, dairy products, eggs and vegetables grown in contaminated soil.
PFAS may also enter our food from packaging and non-stick cookware. Some cosmetics and PFAS-treated clothing may also allow PFAS to be absorbed through our skin.
Start your prevention journey today.
To reduce your exposure to PFAS, choose one of these three easy changes:
- Stop using non-stick pans: replace scratched or old non-stick cookware with stainless steel or cast iron to eliminate a major source of PFAS release into your food.
- Avoid stain and water-resistant products: PFAS chemicals are widely used to give products non-stick, waterproof, and stain-resistant properties. By actively avoiding these products, you cut off a major, continuous source of exposure in your home.
- Avoid greasy food wrappers: limit fast food and takeout, as the containers and bags often use PFAS for grease-proofing. Use your own reusable containers for leftovers.
Remember, small changes add up over time and can help reduce your risk of breast cancer.
Further reading
For more information, please read our PFAS and Breast Cancer science review.
Last review: Mar-24 | Next review: Mar-27.
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