https://doi.org/10.71450/95822655
Published: 24/03/2025
Peer reviewed by two members of Breast Cancer UK independent Science Panel.
Pesticides are chemicals used in agriculture and residential areas to repel or control certain forms of plant or animal life that are considered to be pests. Many of these chemicals are harmful and may damage the DNA, alter gene expression, induce oxidative stress, or act as Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs). Some pesticides have also been classified as potentially promoting cancer by international regulatory bodies. People working with pesticides may be exposed to higher levels, whilst the rest of the population is primarily exposed through the diet or when pesticides are used in residential and private areas. Occupational and biomonitoring studies have shown that exposure to pesticides may increase breast cancer risk, especially for highly toxic pesticides that are no longer authorised but that may still persist in the environment. Very limited evidence suggests that dietary exposure to certain pesticides may increase breast cancer risk; meanwhile, some studies suggest that organic food may reduce risk. Whilst more research is needed on the health benefits of organic food, swapping conventional food with organic produce is an effective way to reduce pesticide exposure. Where this is not possible, fruit and vegetables should be washed with tap water.
Di Pasquale A., Palmer-Quinn K., Moody H. Pesticides, organic food and breast cancer. Breast Cancer UK. 2025. https://doi.org/10.71450/95822655